Dermatology
Readily visible alterations of the skin surface have been recognized since the dawn of history, with some being treated, and some not. Avicenna’s The Canon of Medicine (1025) described treatments for a variety of skin conditions, including skin cancer. The preferred medication it recommended was zinc oxide. Though today it is no longer used for treating skin cancer, it is still widely used today to treat a variety of other skin conditions, in products such as baby powder and creams to treat diaper rashes, calamine cream, anti-dandruff shampoos, and antiseptic ointments.
In 1572, Geronimo Mercuriali of Forli, Italy, completed De morbis cutaneis (translated “On the diseases of the skinâ€), and is known as the first scientific work to be dedicated to dermatology. One source lists Jean Astruc (1684-1766) as the founder of modern dermatology. In 1799, Francesco Bianchi wrote the book Dermatologia which is the first comprehensive textbook of modern dermatology written for the students of medicine.
In 1801 the first great school of dermatology became a reality at the famous Hopital Saint-Louis in Paris, while the first textbooks (Willan’s, 1798-1808) and atlases (Alibert’s, 1806-1814) appeared in print during the same period of time.
Laser Institute
Established in 1980, the Institute specializes mainly in improving the performance of gas lasers, especially excimer lasers. Between 1990 and 2005, the Institute developed fiber disk lasers, disk laser (active mirror) and the concept of power scaling. Ultra-low loss mirror was developed aiming application for high power lasers (1995).
Since 2000, its main research directions have been in the areas of solid state lasers, fiber lasers and ceramics. Since then, the Institute has carried out experiments with quantum reflection of cold excited neon atoms from silicon surfaces.